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Python: exec() function

exec() function

The exec() function is used to execute the specified Python code. object must be either a string or a code object.

Version:

(Python 3)

Syntax:

exec(object[, globals[, locals]])

Parameter:

Name Description Required /
Optional
object Either a string or a code object. Required
globals A dictionary containing global parameters. Optional
locals A dictionary containing local parameters. Optional

Example-1: Python exec() function 

x = 5
print(exec('x'))

Output:

None

Example-2: Python exec() function 

Example = 'x = 6\ny=15\nprint("Sum =", x+y)'
exec(Example)

Output:

Sum = 21

Pictorial Presentation:

Python: Built-in-function - exec() function

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Python: Tips of the Day

Find current directory and file's directory:

To get the full path to the directory a Python file is contained in, write this in that file:

import os 
dir_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))

(Note that the incantation above won't work if you've already used os.chdir() to change your current working directory, since the value of the __file__ constant is relative to the current working directory and is not changed by an os.chdir() call.)

To get the current working directory use

import os
cwd = os.getcwd()

Documentation references for the modules, constants and functions used above:

  • The os and os.path modules.
  • The __file__ constant
  • os.path.realpath(path) (returns "the canonical path of the specified filename, eliminating any symbolic links encountered in the path")
  • os.path.dirname(path) (returns "the directory name of pathname path")
  • os.getcwd() (returns "a string representing the current working directory")
  • os.chdir(path) ("change the current working directory to path")

Ref: https://bit.ly/3fy0R6m