Python: Verify SSL certificates for HTTPS requests

Last update on May 28 2022 13:12:29 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

Python Requests: Exercise-9 with Solution

Write a Python code to verify the SSL certificate for a website which is certified.

Sample Solution:

Python Code:

import requests   
#Requests ignore verifying the SSL certificate if you set verify to False
# Making a get request 
response = requests.get('https://rigaux.org/', verify=False)
print(response) 
print("\n=======================================================\n")
#Requests verifies SSL certificates for HTTPS requests, just like a web browser.
response1 = requests.get('https://google.com/')
print(response1)
print("\n=======================================================\n")
#Requests ignore verifying the SSL certificate if you set verify to True (Default value)
response1 = requests.get('https://rigaux.org/', verify=True)
print(response1)

Sample Output:

D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py:847: InsecureRequestWarning: Unverified HTTPS request is being made. Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. See: https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced-usage.html#ssl-warnings
  InsecureRequestWarning)
<Response [200]>

=======================================================

<Response [200]>

=======================================================

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<ipython-input-10-5ba32625e270>", line 1, in <module>
    runfile('C:/Users/User/.spyder-py3/temp.py', wdir='C:/Users/User/.spyder-py3')

  File "D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\spyder_kernels\customize\spydercustomize.py", line 827, in runfile
    execfile(filename, namespace)

  File "D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\spyder_kernels\customize\spydercustomize.py", line 110, in execfile
    exec(compile(f.read(), filename, 'exec'), namespace)

  File "C:/Users/User/.spyder-py3/temp.py", line 12, in 
    response1 = requests.get('https://rigaux.org/', verify=True)

  File "D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 75, in get
    return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)

  File "D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 60, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)

  File "D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 533, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)

  File "D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 646, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)

  File "D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 514, in send
    raise SSLError(e, request=request)

SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='rigaux.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: / (Caused by SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError("hostname 'rigaux.org' doesn't match 'www.zarb.org'")))

Python Code Editor:

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Python: Tips of the Day

Find current directory and file's directory:

To get the full path to the directory a Python file is contained in, write this in that file:

import os dir_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))

(Note that the incantation above won't work if you've already used os.chdir() to change your current working directory, since the value of the __file__ constant is relative to the current working directory and is not changed by an os.chdir() call.)

To get the current working directory use

import os cwd = os.getcwd()

Documentation references for the modules, constants and functions used above:

The os and os.path modules.

The __file__ constant

os.path.realpath(path) (returns "the canonical path of the specified filename, eliminating any symbolic links encountered in the path")

os.path.dirname(path) (returns "the directory name of pathname path")

os.getcwd() (returns "a string representing the current working directory")

os.chdir(path) ("change the current working directory to path")

Ref: https://bit.ly/3fy0R6m