Python: Select a random element from a list, set, dictionary and a file from a directory
Python module: Exercise-2 with Solution
Write a Python program to select a random element from a list, set, dictionary (value) and a file from a directory.
Use random.choice
Sample Solution:
Python Code:
import random
import os
print("Select a random element from a list:")
elements = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print(random.choice(elements))
print(random.choice(elements))
print(random.choice(elements))
print("\nSelect a random element from a set:")
elements = set([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
# convert to tuple because sets are invalid inputs
print(random.choice(tuple(elements)))
print(random.choice(tuple(elements)))
print(random.choice(tuple(elements)))
print("\nSelect a random value from a dictionary:")
d = {"a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 3, "d": 4, "e": 5}
key = random.choice(list(d))
print(d[key])
key = random.choice(list(d))
print(d[key])
key = random.choice(list(d))
print(d[key])
print("\nSelect a random file from a directory.:")
print(random.choice(os.listdir("/")))
Sample Output:
Select a random element from a list: 3 4 5 Select a random element from a set: 1 3 5 Select a random value from a dictionary: 5 4 4 Select a random file from a directory.: proc
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Python: Tips of the Day
Find current directory and file's directory:
To get the full path to the directory a Python file is contained in, write this in that file:
import os dir_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
(Note that the incantation above won't work if you've already used os.chdir() to change your current working directory, since the value of the __file__ constant is relative to the current working directory and is not changed by an os.chdir() call.)
To get the current working directory use
import os cwd = os.getcwd()
Documentation references for the modules, constants and functions used above:
- The os and os.path modules.
- The __file__ constant
- os.path.realpath(path) (returns "the canonical path of the specified filename, eliminating any symbolic links encountered in the path")
- os.path.dirname(path) (returns "the directory name of pathname path")
- os.getcwd() (returns "a string representing the current working directory")
- os.chdir(path) ("change the current working directory to path")
Ref: https://bit.ly/3fy0R6m
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