C Exercises: Insert new node at the beginning in a doubly linked list

C Linked List : Exercise-13 with Solution

Write a program in C to insert a new node at the beginning in a doubly linked list.

Pictorial Presentation:

Sample Solution:

C Code:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct node {
    int num;
    struct node * preptr;
    struct node * nextptr;
}*stnode, *ennode;
 

void DlListcreation(int n);
void DlLinsertNodeAtBeginning(int num);
void displayDlList(int a);

int main()
{
    int n,num1,a;
    stnode = NULL;
    ennode = NULL;
	printf("\n\n Doubly Linked List : Insert new node at the beginning in a doubly linked list :\n");
	printf("------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");	   	

    printf(" Input the number of nodes : ");
    scanf("%d", &n);
    DlListcreation(n); 
    a=1;
    displayDlList(a);
    printf(" Input data for the first node : ");
    scanf("%d", &num1);
    DlLinsertNodeAtBeginning(num1);
    a=2;
    displayDlList(a);
    return 0;
}
 
void DlListcreation(int n)
{
    int i, num;
    struct node *fnNode;
 
    if(n >= 1)
    {
        stnode = (struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct node));
 
        if(stnode != NULL)
        {
            printf(" Input data for node 1 : "); // assigning data in the first node
            scanf("%d", &num);
 
            stnode->num = num;
            stnode->preptr = NULL;
            stnode->nextptr = NULL;
            ennode = stnode;
            for(i=2; i<=n; i++)
            {
                fnNode = (struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct node));
                if(fnNode != NULL)
                {
                    printf(" Input data for node %d : ", i);
                    scanf("%d", &num);
                    fnNode->num = num;
                    fnNode->preptr = ennode;    // new node is linking with the previous node
                    fnNode->nextptr = NULL;
 
                    ennode->nextptr = fnNode;   // previous node is linking with the new node
                    ennode = fnNode;            // assign new node as last node
                }
                else
                {
                    printf(" Memory can not be allocated.");
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            printf(" Memory can not be allocated.");
        }
    }
}

void DlLinsertNodeAtBeginning(int num)
{
    struct node * newnode;
    if(stnode == NULL)
    {
        printf(" No data found in the list!\n");
    }
    else
    {
        newnode = (struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct node));
        newnode->num = num;
        newnode->nextptr = stnode;  // next address of new node is linking with starting node
        newnode->preptr = NULL;     // set previous address field of new node is NULL
        stnode->preptr = newnode;   // previous address of starting node is linking with new node
        stnode = newnode;           // set the new node as starting node
    }
}

void displayDlList(int m)
{
    struct node * tmp;
    int n = 1;
    if(stnode == NULL)
    {
        printf(" No data found in the List yet.");
    }
    else
    {
        tmp = stnode;
        if (m==1)
        {
        printf("\n Data entered in the list are :\n");
        }
        else
        {
         printf("\n After insertion the new list are :\n");   
        }
        while(tmp != NULL)
        {
            printf(" node %d : %d\n", n, tmp->num);
            n++;
            tmp = tmp->nextptr; // current pointer moves to the next node
        }
    }
}

Sample Output:

Doubly Linked List : Insert new node at the beginning in a doubly linked list :                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                          
 Input the number of nodes : 3                                                                                
 Input data for node 1 : 2                                                                                    
 Input data for node 2 : 5                                                                                    
 Input data for node 3 : 8                                                                                    
                                                                                                              
 Data entered in the list are :                                                                               
 node 1 : 2                                                                                                   
 node 2 : 5                                                                                                   
 node 3 : 8                                                                                                   
 Input data for the first node : 1                                                                            
                                                                                                              
 After insertion the new list are :                                                                           
 node 1 : 1                                                                                                   
 node 2 : 2                                                                                                   
 node 3 : 5                                                                                                   
 node 4 : 8

Flowchart:

DlListcreation() :

DlLinsertNodeAtBeginning() :

displayDlList() :

C Programming Code Editor:

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